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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

220
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
307
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

170
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
170
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

212
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
212
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

286
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
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Cutaneous tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals: Lessons learnt from a case series.

Vhudzani Tshisevhe1,2, Nontombi Mbelle2,3, Remco P H Peters2,4,5

  • 1Lancet Laboratories, Rustenburg, South Africa.

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
|October 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is underreported in South Africa, presenting diverse skin lesions. Early diagnosis and intensive management are crucial for better outcomes in this serious condition.

Keywords:
Cutaneous DiseaseCutaneous TuberculosisHIV-medicineMultidrug ResistanceMycobacteriaRetro-Viral DiseaseTuberculosisimmunocompromised

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) significantly impacts global health, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Cutaneous TB, a form of extrapulmonary TB, is infrequently documented in South Africa, a region with high rates of HIV and TB co-infection.

Observation:

  • This case series details three patients (two adults, one child) with cutaneous TB referred from primary care to a tertiary hospital.
  • Clinical presentations varied, including papular lesions and abscesses, with some patients also having pulmonary TB.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic procedures like aspiration are vital for abscesses unresponsive to antibiotics, especially in severely immunocompromised patients.
  • The presented cases had poor outcomes, underscoring the need for earlier detection of this WHO Stage 4 condition.

Implications:

  • Increased clinician awareness of cutaneous TB is essential for timely diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
  • Targeted diagnostic strategies and intensive management are required for cutaneous TB, particularly in high-burden settings.