Prevalence of dumping and hypoglycaemia symptoms after bariatric surgery: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study

Dumping and post-bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) are side effects that occur after bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dumping and PBH symptoms before Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years after surgery in a Swedish population. A cross-sectional single-centre study was performed at Lindesberg Hospital, Region Örebro County, Sweden, between 2020 and 2023. The Swedish version of the Dumping Severity Scale (DSS-Swe) questionnaire, which includes eight items regarding dumping symptoms and six items regarding hypoglycaemia symptoms, was used. A total of 742 DSS-Swe questionnaires were included. The average age at surgery was 42.0 years (standard deviation [SD] = 11.9), and the average body mass index was 41.8 kg/m² (SD = 5.9). The surgical methods consisted of RYGB (66.3%) and SG (33.7%). The proportion of RYGB patients with highly suspected dumping increased from 4.9% before surgery to 26.3% (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 7.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.08-17.52) at the 5-year follow-up. PBH symptoms increased from 1.4% before surgery to 19.3% at the 5-year follow-up (adjusted OR = 17.88, 95% CI = 4.07-78.54). For SG patients, no significant increase in dumping or PBH symptoms was observed. In patients with persistent type 2 diabetes (T2D), there were no cases of highly suspected hypoglycaemia following RYGB or SG. Symptoms of dumping and PBH were common after RYGB, while no clear increase was observed after SG. Persistent T2D seems to be a protective factor against PBH symptoms.