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Mpemba Effects in Open Nonequilibrium Quantum Systems.

Andrea Nava1, Reinhold Egger1

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, <a href="https://ror.org/024z2rq82">Heinrich-Heine-Universität</a>, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|October 11, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We extend the Mpemba effect to quantum systems, finding two types of quantum Mpemba effects are possible. Their existence can be confirmed by measuring currents or energies, not just complex quantum state tomography.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum thermodynamics
  • Open quantum systems

Background:

  • The classical Mpemba effect describes how hot water can freeze faster than cold water.
  • Generalizing this phenomenon to quantum systems is an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize the classical Mpemba effect to open quantum systems.
  • To identify different types of quantum Mpemba effects and their detection methods.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical generalization of the Mpemba effect to open quantum systems coupled to multiple reservoirs.
  • Analysis using quantum state tomography and simpler observables like currents and energies.
  • Application to an interacting two-site Kitaev model coupled to metallic leads.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct types of quantum Mpemba effects are shown to be possible in open quantum systems.
  • Quantum state tomography can differentiate between these types.
  • Simpler measurements of currents or energies can confirm the existence of a quantum Mpemba effect.

Conclusions:

  • The Mpemba effect can manifest in open quantum systems in novel ways.
  • Detection of the quantum Mpemba effect is feasible through various measurement techniques.
  • The findings are illustrated with a experimentally relevant quantum model.