Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

5.9K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
5.9K
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

23.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.3K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

9.7K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
9.7K
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

3.6K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.6K
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

4.2K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
4.2K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

50.3K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
50.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neurons as Autoencoders.

Artificial life·2024
Same author

A Systematic Review of Machine-Learning Solutions in Anaerobic Digestion.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

A Generalised Dropout Mechanism for Distributed Systems.

Artificial life·2022
Same author

Are Artificial Dendrites Useful in Neuro-Evolution?

Artificial life·2021
Same author

On the Emergence of Intersexual Selection: Arbitrary Trait Preference Improves Female-Male Coevolution.

Artificial life·2021
Same author

On coevolution: Asymmetry in the NKCS model.

Bio Systems·2021
Same journal

If Turing Played Piano With an Artificial Partner.

Artificial life·2026
Same journal

Discovering Partial Differential Equations With Neural Cellular Automata.

Artificial life·2026
Same journal

Book Review: Exploring the Boundaries of Life-as-It-Is.

Artificial life·2026
Same journal

System 0/1/2/3: Quad-Process Theory for Multitimescale Embodied Collective Cognitive Systems.

Artificial life·2025
Same journal

To Engineer an Angel, First Validate the Devil: Analyzing the "Could Be" in Artificial Life's "Life as-It-Could-Be".

Artificial life·2025
Same journal

Untapped Potential in Self-Optimization of Hopfield Networks: The Creativity of Unsupervised Learning.

Artificial life·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
14:23

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Published on: July 13, 2013

19.3K

On Recombination.

Larry Bull1

  • 1University of the West of England Computer Science Research Centre. larry.bull@uwe.ac.uk.

Artificial Life
|October 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chromosomal recombination during meiosis may have evolved for fitness landscape smoothing, offering an indirect benefit to organisms. Forming colonies after reproduction further enhances these benefits, explaining the evolution of sexual reproduction.

Keywords:
Baldwin effectNK modelevolutionfitness landscapemeiosisrecombination

More Related Videos

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.0K
Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
14:23

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

Published on: July 13, 2013

19.3K
Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.0K
Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.5K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • The evolutionary advantages of chromosomal recombination during meiosis are debated.
  • Existing explanations like DNA repair and adaptability lack immediate selective benefits for the organism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that sex and recombination evolved for fitness landscape smoothing.
  • To investigate the potential benefits of post-reproductive colonial formation in haploids.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical exploration of evolutionary mechanisms.
  • Revisiting existing hypotheses on the evolution of sex and recombination.

Main Results:

  • Recombination may provide an indirect selective advantage through fitness landscape smoothing.
  • The formation of simple colonies by haploid cells post-reproduction amplifies the benefits of landscape smoothing.

Conclusions:

  • Fitness landscape smoothing offers a compelling explanation for the evolution of recombination.
  • Coloniality in early reproductive stages may have been a key factor in the maintenance of sexual reproduction.