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Myopic Maculopathy Progression: Insights Into Posterior Staphyloma and Macular Involvement
Ignacio Flores-Moreno1, Mariluz Puertas2, Marina Fernández-Jiménez2
1From the Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain (I.F.-M., M.P., M.F.-J., L.C.F., M.T.-V., B.E., E.A.-A., J.R.-M., B.K., M.G.-Z., J.M.R.-M.); Clínica Suárez Leoz, Madrid, Spain (I.F.-M.).
American Journal of Ophthalmology
|October 11, 2024
Summary
Myopic maculopathy progression is common, significantly impacting visual acuity, especially in eyes with posterior staphyloma. Early detection and monitoring are crucial for managing this condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Medical Imaging
- Retinal Diseases
Background:
- High myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment.
- Myopic maculopathy is a progressive complication of high myopia.
- Understanding progression patterns is vital for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the progression patterns of myopic maculopathy.
- To identify factors associated with myopic maculopathy progression.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational case series of 824 highly myopic eyes.
- Minimum follow-up of 2 years with multimodal imaging.
- Progression assessed using the ATN classification system.
Main Results:
- 42% of eyes showed myopic maculopathy progression over a mean of 4.1 years.
- Progression correlated with worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and greater BCVA loss.
- Posterior staphyloma, particularly macular involvement, significantly increased progression risk (OR 3.94).
- Atrophic, tractional, and neovascular progressions were observed in 21.9%, 22.8%, and 11.4% of eyes, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Myopic maculopathy progresses significantly over time, negatively affecting BCVA.
- Posterior staphyloma is a key risk factor for myopic maculopathy progression.
- Monitoring progression is essential for high myopic patients.
