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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Oral Microbiota Development in the First 60 Months: A Longitudinal Study.

K Yama1, S Morishima2, K Tsutsumi1

  • 1Research and Development Headquarters, Lion Corporation, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Journal of Dental Research
|October 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The oral microbiota in children significantly develops between 6 and 18 months, approaching adult levels by 36 months. This early maturation period is critical for future oral health.

Keywords:
childhighly prevalent oral bacteriamicrobial colonizationmicrobial consortiumoral bacteria

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatrics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Childhood is critical for establishing lifelong oral microbiota composition.
  • The exact timeline for oral microbiota development in children is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally track the progression of oral microbiota formation in children.
  • To identify key developmental windows for oral microbial communities.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of salivary microbiota in 54 children (1 week to 5 years old).
  • Next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA V1-V2 region.
  • Analysis of common operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and UniFrac distance metrics.

Main Results:

  • Detection rates of main constituent bacteria increased from 25% at 1 week to 80% by 6-18 months, reaching 90% by 36 months.
  • Early colonizers (1 week) included Streptococcus, Rothia, and Gemella; later colonizers (6-18 months) included Neisseria, Haemophilus, and Fusobacterium.
  • Children's oral microbiota approached adult profiles between 6-18 months, with full maturation by 60 months.

Conclusions:

  • The first 36 months, especially 6-18 months, represent a critical window for oral microbiota maturation in children.
  • Early oral microbiota development may play a vital role in preventing future oral diseases.