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Disease management program in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Mette Bender1, Charlotte Glümer2, Henrik Brønnum-Hansen1

  • 1Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Socioeconomic and ethnic factors influence type 2 diabetes management program participation. Lower socioeconomic groups and ethnic minorities engaged more in physical training, suggesting tailored program elements can improve health equity.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research
  • Chronic Disease Management

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes management programs aim to improve patient outcomes.
  • Understanding socioeconomic and ethnic disparities in program engagement is crucial for health equity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between socioeconomic status (SEP) and ethnic factors with the provision and participation in a type 2 diabetes disease-management program.
  • To identify how different program components are utilized across diverse patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 3464 individuals referred to a diabetes management program in Copenhagen (2016-2021).
  • Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations between SEP indicators (education, income, employment, country of origin) and booked/participated program activities.
  • Examined participation in consultations, dietary education, telephone support, patient education, and physical training.

Main Results:

  • Minor differences in booked sessions for consultations, dietary education, and patient education were observed across SEP groups.
  • While lower SEP groups sometimes booked more sessions (e.g., dietary education for the unemployed), participation was often similar or higher among higher SEP groups.
  • Physical training sessions showed significantly higher booking and participation among women with lower SEP and ethnic minorities.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights that specific program elements and increased booked sessions can encourage participation, particularly physical training, among vulnerable women.
  • Findings suggest that tailored program design can promote equitable engagement in type 2 diabetes management.
  • Results offer insights for policymakers and healthcare professionals to create more inclusive diabetes care activities.