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Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
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Probability of lateral instability while walking on winding paths.

Anna C Render1, Joseph P Cusumano2, Jonathan B Dingwell1

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA.

Journal of Biomechanics
|October 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy adults adapt their walking to winding paths by increasing instability risk for better maneuverability. They use versatile stepping strategies to maintain balance, even on narrow or quickly winding paths, reducing fall risk.

Keywords:
Balance ControlGoal-Directed WalkingLateral StabilitySteppingWalking

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human locomotion
  • Gait analysis

Background:

  • Balance impairments increase fall risk during turns and lateral maneuvers.
  • Understanding mediolateral balance during non-straight walking is crucial for fall prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how path width and sinuosity affect mediolateral balance control in healthy adults.
  • To quantify stepping errors, margin of stability, and probability of instability during varied walking paths.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four healthy adults walked on a treadmill with projected paths of varying widths (narrow/wide) and oscillation frequencies (straight, slow, fast).
  • Stepping errors, minimum mediolateral Margin of Stability (MoSL), and lateral Probability of Instability (PoIL) were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Narrower paths led to more stepping errors, reduced mean MoSL, and increased PoIL.
  • Increased path oscillation frequency worsened performance (more errors, smaller μ(MoSL)) on narrow paths and wide, fast-winding paths.
  • Higher path sinuosity consistently increased standard deviation of MoSL (σ(MoSL)) and PoIL.

Conclusions:

  • Healthy adults can trade increased lateral instability risk for enhanced maneuverability on complex paths.
  • Highly versatile stepping strategies are employed to maintain balance during challenging, non-straight walking conditions.
  • Findings inform interventions for individuals with balance impairments to improve navigation and reduce fall risk.