Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes02:45

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

8.4K
In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
8.4K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

13.1K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.1K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Pedigree Analysis01:35

Pedigree Analysis

84.0K
Overview
84.0K
Genomics02:02

Genomics

36.2K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
36.2K
Dosage Compensation02:50

Dosage Compensation

6.1K
In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with  distinct numbers of X chromosomes will...
6.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Molecular mechanisms of transhydrogenase activity and allosteric regulation in eukaryotic type II PHGDH Ser33.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induces Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss in Midbrain Organoids.

Journal of neurochemistry·2026
Same author

Causal network analysis of omics data using prior knowledge databases.

Briefings in bioinformatics·2025
Same author

Author Correction: Integrating digital gait data with metabolomics and clinical data to predict outcomes in Parkinson's disease.

NPJ digital medicine·2025
Same author

Interpretable Machine Learning for Cross-Cohort Prediction of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson's Disease.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society·2025
Same author

Recommendations for Successful Development and Implementation of Digital Health Technology Tools.

Journal of medical Internet research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
00:06

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

13.6K

Bioinformatics approaches for studying molecular sex differences in complex diseases.

Rebecca Ting Jiin Loo1, Mohamed Soudy1, Francesco Nasta1

  • 1Biomedical Data Science Group, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg.

Briefings in Bioinformatics
|October 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Complex diseases show significant sex differences. Bioinformatics tools can analyze these molecular differences to improve understanding and personalize treatments for conditions like cancer and heart disease.

Keywords:
bioinformaticsbiomarker signature modelingcomplex diseasesmolecular sex differencespathway and network analysispersonalized medicine

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease
04:22

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: May 20, 2024

774
In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
12:31

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

20.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2025

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
00:06

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

13.6K
Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease
04:22

Author Spotlight: Exploring Sex-Specific Glial Signatures and Therapeutic Leads for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: May 20, 2024

774
In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
12:31

In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio

Published on: August 24, 2013

20.7K

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Complex diseases display significant sex-based variations in risk, symptoms, and progression.
  • Current computational studies often overlook these sex differences, treating them as noise.
  • Understanding sex-specific mechanisms is crucial for advancing disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bioinformatics approaches for studying molecular sex differences in complex diseases.
  • To highlight the need for methods beyond classical statistics.
  • To emphasize integrating biological knowledge for mechanistic interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of dedicated bioinformatics tools and systems-level analyses.
  • Comparison of conventional statistical methods with mechanistic approaches.
  • Examination of pathway and network analysis techniques tailored for sex differences.

Main Results:

  • Classical statistical methods are insufficient for capturing complex sex-specific disease mechanisms.
  • Systems-level approaches integrating hormone signaling, gene networks, and sex linkage offer deeper insights.
  • Specialized bioinformatics techniques can systematically uncover molecular sex differences.

Conclusions:

  • Bioinformatics offers powerful tools to investigate sex-specific disease mechanisms.
  • These methods can improve biomarker discovery and personalized medicine strategies.
  • A deeper understanding of sex differences in disease holds promise for tailored treatments.