Cannabidiol attenuates arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity via the NOX4 and NF-κB pathways in mice

Ali Vadizadeh1,2, Maryam Salehcheh1,3, Hadi Kalantar3

  • 1Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cannabidiol (CBD) protects against arsenic-induced kidney damage by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. This study shows CBD inhibits the NF-kB/Nox4 pathway, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for nephrotoxicity.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cannabidiol (CBD) possesses diverse therapeutic properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • The impact of CBD on sodium arsenite (As)-induced nephrotoxicity remains incompletely understood.
  • Investigating CBD's protective mechanisms against As-induced kidney damage is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the protective effects of Cannabidiol (CBD) against sodium arsenite (As)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.
  • To elucidate the role of the NOX4 and NF-kB pathways in CBD's amelioration of As-induced kidney injury.
  • To evaluate the impact of CBD on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis markers in the kidney.

Main Methods:

  • A mouse model was used, with groups receiving saline, CBD, As, or CBD pretreatment before As exposure.
  • Biochemical assays measured antioxidant and pro-inflammatory factors, oxidative stress markers (ROS), and apoptosis markers (cleaved PARP, caspase-3).
  • Protein expression of NF-kB, NOX4, and iNOS was assessed, alongside histological examination of kidney tissues.

Main Results:

  • Arsenite exposure significantly elevated kidney damage markers, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
  • CBD pretreatment dose-dependently reversed these As-induced detrimental effects.
  • CBD significantly reduced NF-kB and NOX4 expression, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis, while increasing antioxidant levels.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabidiol (CBD) effectively ameliorates As-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.
  • CBD's protective effects are associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
  • The NF-kB/Nox4 signaling pathway is implicated in CBD's renoprotective mechanism against arsenic toxicity.