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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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  11. Exploring Prognostic Implications Of Mirna Signatures And Telomere Maintenance Genes In Kidney Cancer

Exploring prognostic implications of miRNA signatures and telomere maintenance genes in kidney cancer

Srinivasulu Yerukala Sathipati1, Sohyun Jeong2, Param Sharma3

  • 1Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA.

Molecular Therapy. Oncology
|October 14, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

MicroRNA In situ Hybridization for Formalin Fixed Kidney Tissues
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MicroRNA In situ Hybridization for Formalin Fixed Kidney Tissues

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Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of MicroRNA Expression in Kidney and Serum of Mice with Age-Dependent Renal Impairment
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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues
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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals microRNA (miRNA) signatures that predict 5-year survival in kidney cancer (KIRC and KIRP). These miRNAs target telomere maintenance genes, offering new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for kidney cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Kidney cancer, especially clear cell renal cell carcinoma (KIRC), has poor survival rates.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play roles in cancer development and progression.
  • Telomere maintenance is crucial for cancer cell survival and proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prognostic potential of miRNA signatures in kidney cancer (KIRC and kidney papillary cell carcinoma - KIRP).
  • To explore the relationship between miRNAs and telomere maintenance genes in kidney cancer.
  • To identify novel biomarkers for predicting 5-year survival in kidney cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for miRNA expression profiles.
  • Analyzed data from 166 KIRC and 168 KIRP patients.
Keywords:
MT: Regular Issuecancer survival estimationkidney cancermachine learning

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MicroRNA In situ Hybridization for Formalin Fixed Kidney Tissues

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  • Employed an evolutionary learning-based kidney survival estimator to identify miRNA signatures.
  • Conducted bioinformatics analysis to determine targeted genes and pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified a 37-miRNA signature for KIRC (R=0.82, MAE=0.65 years) and a 23-miRNA signature for KIRP (R=0.82, MAE=0.64 years).
    • Both signatures demonstrated high predictive accuracy for 5-year survival.
    • Signatures showed diagnostic potential with ROC values between 0.70-0.94.
    • Bioinformatics analysis revealed miRNA targeting of key telomere genes (TERT, DKC1, CTC1, RTEL1).

    Conclusions:

    • miRNA signatures are robust predictors of 5-year survival in KIRC and KIRP.
    • A significant link exists between specific miRNAs and telomere maintenance genes in kidney cancer.
    • These findings offer potential for novel prognostic markers and therapeutic strategies in kidney cancer treatment.
    miRNA signature
    telomere maintenance genes