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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Age differences in the change in cognition after stroke.

Mellanie V Springer1, Bingxin Chen2, Rachael T Whitney3

  • 1Department of Neurology and Stroke Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|October 14, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults experience greater cognitive decline after stroke compared to younger adults. This study analyzed cognitive trajectories in individuals aged 18-64 and 65+ to understand age-related differences in post-stroke cognitive changes.

Keywords:
AgingCognitionCognitive declineHemorrhagic strokeIschemic strokeStroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Stroke significantly impacts cognitive function across all age groups.
  • Understanding age-related differences in post-stroke cognitive recovery is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Pre-stroke cognitive trajectories may influence post-stroke outcomes, necessitating their consideration in analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cognitive trajectory changes following stroke between younger (18-64 years) and older (65+ years) adults.
  • To account for pre-stroke cognitive trajectories when assessing post-stroke cognitive changes.
  • To investigate age-specific patterns in global cognition, memory, and executive function after stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A pooled cohort study utilized individual participant data from three US cohorts (ARIC, FOS, REGARDS) spanning 1971-2019.
  • Linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess the association between age and initial cognitive changes (intercept) and rate of change (slope) post-stroke.
  • Cognitive outcomes included global cognition, memory, and executive function, comparing changes before and after stroke.

Main Results:

  • The study included 1,292 stroke participants: 197 younger and 1,095 older adults.
  • Older participants exhibited significantly greater initial declines in global cognition, memory, and executive function compared to younger individuals.
  • Older age was associated with faster rates of decline in global cognition and executive function post-stroke, but not memory.

Conclusions:

  • Older age is a significant factor associated with more pronounced cognitive declines after stroke.
  • These findings hold true even when accounting for pre-existing differences in cognitive trajectories between age groups.
  • The results highlight the need for age-tailored approaches in stroke rehabilitation and cognitive support.