Pan-cancer analysis of Sp1 with a focus on immunomodulatory roles in gastric cancer

Yang Zhou ¹, Zhenzhen Luo ², Jinfeng Guo ²

¹The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
²Department of Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China.
³Department of Oncology, Shanghai JingAn District ZhaBei Central Hospital, Shanghai, 200070, China.
⁴JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
⁵Department of Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China. changjianhua@163.com.
⁶Department of Oncology, The Cancer Center of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China. libao_g@163.com.
⁷Department of Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China. hjj199141@alumni.sjtu.edu.cn.

⁰The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China.

Cancer Cell International +

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October 14, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Transcription factor Sp1 is elevated in many cancers, particularly gastric cancer (GC). High Sp1 correlates with poor prognosis but predicts better immunotherapy response, suggesting its use as a biomarker.

Area Of Science

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Immunology

Background

Sp1 is a transcription factor involved in cellular processes and cancer development.
Its pan-cancer expression and immunomodulatory roles are not fully understood.

Purpose Of The Study

To comprehensively analyze Sp1 expression and its association with immune infiltration and patient prognosis across cancers.
To evaluate Sp1 as a biomarker in gastric cancer (GC) patients undergoing immunotherapy.

Main Methods

Bioinformatic analysis of public datasets.
Screening for Sp1 modifications (genetic, methylation, phosphorylation).
Assessing Sp1 correlation with immune cells, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and immune checkpoints.
Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry in GC.

Main Results

Sp1 is upregulated in various cancers, especially GC, correlating with advanced stage and poor prognosis.
High Sp1 expression is linked to increased TMB and microsatellite instability (MSI).
Sp1 levels correlate with CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages, predicting improved immunotherapy response in GC.

Conclusions

Sp1 plays a significant role in tumorigenesis.
Sp1 is a potential prognostic and predictive biomarker for GC patients receiving immunotherapy.

Keywords:

Immunotherapy response Pan-cancer analysis Prognosis Sp1

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