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Nanozyme-Shelled Microcapsules for Targeting Biofilm Infections in Confined Spaces.

Hong Huy Tran^1,2,3,4, Nadasinee Jaruchotiratanasakul^1,2,5,6, Zhenting Xiang^1,2,4

¹Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials

|October 15, 2024

Summary

Nanozyme-shelled microrobots navigate complex spaces to deliver targeted antimicrobial therapy. These magnetic microcapsules generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate bacterial biofilms in confined infections.

Keywords:

ROS catalytic endodontic iron oxide microrobots

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Published on: October 8, 2021

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Materials Science

Background:

Bacterial infections in complex, confined spaces present treatment challenges.
Nanozymes offer antimicrobial efficacy but struggle with localized delivery in confined areas.
Current nanozyme-loaded microrobots face fabrication issues impacting catalytic performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a nanozyme-shelled microrobotic platform for targeted catalysis in complex confinements.
To enhance nanoparticle dispersibility and catalytic efficiency within microrobots.
To demonstrate the efficacy of these microrobots in navigating and treating infections in confined environments.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of magnetic microcapsules using microfluidics and double emulsions.
Assembly of iron oxide and silica nanoparticles into 100-µm microcapsules.
Utilizing rotating magnetic fields for self-organization and collective mobility of microcapsule assemblies.
Evaluation of peroxidase-like activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
Testing navigation accuracy and antibiofilm efficacy in simulated tooth canal models.

Main Results:

Microcapsules demonstrated high peroxidase-like activity, efficiently producing ROS.
Assemblies exhibited collective navigation and accurate targeting in branched and arched confinements.
Nanozyme-shelled microrobots effectively eradicated biofilms through localized ROS generation.
The platform showed facile integration of nanozymes onto a microrobotic system.

Conclusions:

A novel nanozyme-shelled microrobotic platform was successfully developed.
The platform enables targeted delivery and localized catalysis in challenging confined microenvironments.
This approach offers a promising strategy for combating bacterial infections in hard-to-reach areas.