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Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
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Anatomical and molecular development of the human primary visual cortex.
Kathryn M Murphy1,2, Leanne Monteiro1
1McMaster Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|October 15, 2024
Summary
Human primary visual cortex (V1) development is complex, with some aspects maturing early and others changing throughout life. This review synthesizes research on V1 maturation and neuroplasticity across the lifespan.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Neuroplasticity
Background:
- Human primary visual cortex (V1) development is crucial for understanding brain maturation and neuroplasticity.
- Contrasting theories exist: early maturation models versus extended plasticity into adulthood.
- Classic histology suggests early development, while molecular studies indicate prolonged plasticity windows.
Purpose of the Study:
- To consolidate anatomical and molecular findings on human V1 development.
- To trace V1 maturation from prenatal stages through aging.
- To reconcile differing timelines of V1 development and plasticity.
Main Methods:
- Review of anatomical studies (histology).
- Review of molecular studies.
- Synthesis of findings across the lifespan, from prenatal to aging.
Main Results:
- Human V1 development occurs across multiple timescales.
- Some V1 features mature early in infancy.
- Other aspects of V1 undergo gradual changes throughout the lifespan.
Conclusions:
- V1 development is not a single event but a prolonged process.
- Neuroplasticity in V1 extends beyond childhood into adulthood.
- Methodological advancements are key to understanding V1's intricate developmental trajectory.
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