A narrative review of the complex panorama regarding chronic neuropathic pain mainly for the psychological issues

Chronic neuropathic pain arises from changes in the somatosensory nervous system and can lead to disability and intense physical and emotional suffering. Recognized as a painful syndrome, its causes are diverse, ranging from stroke, trauma, and diabetes mellitus to unknown origins. It tends to be more common in women, and it is estimated that the number of people affected by this condition increases every year as the population ages. Treatments are based on pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions; however, the therapeutic plan does not always offer satisfactory relief, and learning to live with pain is, in most cases, the only option. The treatment aims to provide relief from symptoms, and alternative measures such as physiotherapy, physical exercise, and psychological support are strongly recommended. The coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic exacerbated the pain process, impacting quality of life, generating emotional problems, and potentially contributing to the increased incidence of neuropathic pain. In this context, the narrative review aimed to explore the complex panorama of chronic neuropathic pain, not only from a physiological perspective but also encompassing the psychological perspective and actions related to the pain process.