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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

A Quantitative Detection Method for MicroRNAs in the Kidney of an Ischemic Kidney Injury Mouse Model
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A Quantitative Detection Method for MicroRNAs in the Kidney of an Ischemic Kidney Injury Mouse Model

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Acute kidney injury due to gentamicin nephrotoxicity and specific miRNAs as biomarkers

Viktor Klementa1, Nadezda Petejova2,3,4, Pavel Horak1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine III - Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Biomedical Papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
|October 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Gentamicin antibiotic use can cause acute kidney injury (AKI). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show altered expression in gentamicin nephrotoxicity, suggesting they could be early biomarkers for detecting and monitoring kidney damage.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is vital for treating bacterial infections but poses a risk of nephrotoxicity, leading to acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • Early and accurate diagnosis of gentamicin-induced AKI is critical for effective patient management.
  • Non-protein-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), are emerging as potential biomarkers for kidney injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as sensitive biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of AKI in patients receiving gentamicin therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on miRNAs implicated in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression changes in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical studies following gentamicin exposure.
  • Correlation of miRNA dysregulation with the severity of kidney injury.

Main Results:

  • Numerous miRNAs are involved in pathways critical to gentamicin-induced kidney injury, including inflammation, cell death, and oxidative stress.
  • Changes in miRNA expression levels have been observed in response to gentamicin exposure across various models.
  • The dysregulation of specific miRNAs correlates with the extent of kidney damage.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are significantly dysregulated in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • These miRNAs hold promise as sensitive and reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis and monitoring of acute kidney injury caused by gentamicin.
Keywords:
acute kidney injurybiomarkersgentamicinmiRNAnephrotoxicity

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