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Programmable multi-wavelength distributed feedback laser array integrated in a liquid crystal polymer waveguide.

Zhaoyi Wang, Peizhi Sun, Conglong Yuan

    Optics Letters
    |October 15, 2024
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    This study introduces a novel thin-film laser array using programmable liquid crystal (LC) polymers for rapid, high-resolution wavelength switching in integrated photonics. The device enables efficient wavelength modulation and propagation for advanced optical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Materials Science
    • Integrated Optics

    Background:

    • Liquid crystal (LC) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers show promise for integrated photonics but face challenges in wavelength switching, device size, and technological compatibility.
    • Existing LC DFB lasers have limitations in wavelength spacing and responsiveness, hindering their widespread adoption in advanced optical systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a thin-film multi-wavelength DFB laser array with enhanced wavelength switching capabilities.
    • To address limitations in integration, responsiveness, and wavelength spacing of current LC DFB lasers.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized high-resolution patterned programmable nematic LC polymers to create a multi-wavelength DFB laser array.
    • Engineered a specialized LC waveguide for laser propagation and modulation.
    • Modulated the effective refractive index of the DFB laser by controlling LC molecule orientation.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved rapid wavelength switching with high-resolution spacing between wavelength division multiplexing channels.
    • Maintained a stable single longitudinal mode (SLM) for each laser in the array.
    • Demonstrated efficient wavelength modulation and propagation, including bending, via the LC waveguide.
    • Observed a relatively low energy threshold for laser operation.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed thin-film LC DFB laser array overcomes previous limitations, offering improved integration and responsiveness.
    • The device enables precise wavelength control and efficient light propagation, suitable for high-integration photonic applications.
    • This advancement paves the way for next-generation tunable lasers in optical communication and sensing.