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Related Concept Videos

Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Related Experiment Video

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Electroencephalographic, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response Assessment for an Advertising Perception Study: Application to Antismoking Public Service Announcements
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Prize-Based Incentives for Smoking Cessation Among People With HIV: A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized

David M Ledgerwood1, Leslie H Lundahl1, Mark K Greenwald1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
|October 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prize-based contingency management (CM) showed limited success in initial smoking cessation for people with HIV (PWH). However, brief booster CM sessions effectively helped early quitters maintain abstinence long-term.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • HIV Medicine

Background:

  • Contingency management (CM) is an effective incentive-based smoking cessation strategy.
  • People with HIV (PWH) have a high prevalence of smoking and need tailored interventions.
  • A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design was used to personalize intervention intensity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of prize-based CM for smoking cessation in PWH.
  • To tailor intervention intensity based on participants' early treatment response.

Main Methods:

  • 129 participants were randomized to high-magnitude CM (HM-CM) or standard of care (SoC).
  • Non-responders were further randomized to different CM or monitoring support levels.
  • Responders received booster CM or no additional care.
  • Outcomes included biochemically verified smoking reduction and abstinence at multiple follow-ups.

Main Results:

  • Initial CM exposure did not improve early smoking reduction rates compared to SoC.
  • Participants receiving low-magnitude incentives after initial reduction were less likely to relapse.
  • High-magnitude incentives for non-responders did not enhance later cessation rates.

Conclusions:

  • Weekly CM sessions in the initial 4 weeks were not superior to SoC for smoking cessation in PWH.
  • Brief booster CM sessions show promise for maintaining smoking cessation in early responders.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize CM for PWH smoking cessation.