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High-affinity potassium transporter TaHAK1 implicates in cesium tolerance and phytoremediation
Jin Liu1, Shuai-Bo Chen1, Ze-Hua Fan1
1National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Journal of Hazardous Materials
|October 15, 2024
Summary
Overexpressing TaHAK1 in rice enhances tolerance to toxic cesium (Cs) by altering Cs distribution and improving potassium (K) levels. This offers a strategy for phytoremediation and developing low-Cs rice varieties.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Environmental Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cesium (Cs) is a toxic alkaline metal impacting human health.
- Plant high-affinity potassium transporters (HAKs) are implicated in Cs uptake and transport, but regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.
- Understanding Cs and potassium (K) homeostasis mediated by HAKs is crucial for managing Cs contamination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of TaHAK1 in Cs absorption, transport, and Cs/K homeostasis in rice.
- To evaluate the potential of TaHAK1 for phytoremediation and developing low-Cs accumulating rice.
Main Methods:
- Overexpression of TaHAK1 in rice (TaHAK1-OEs).
- Analysis of Cs absorption, distribution, and K content in TaHAK1-OEs under Cs-contaminated conditions.
- Transcriptome and bioinformatics analyses to identify affected pathways and genes.
Main Results:
- TaHAK1 overexpression promoted seedling growth by altering Cs distribution, primarily in the root cell wall.
- Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and ion transport (e.g., XTHs, CSLEs, HAKs, ABCs).
- TaHAK1-OEs showed enhanced Cs tolerance, reduced Cs accumulation, and increased K content in various tissues, especially grains.
Conclusions:
- TaHAK1 plays a significant role in regulating Cs uptake, translocation, and Cs/K homeostasis in rice.
- TaHAK1 is a promising candidate gene for genetic modification to improve Cs phytoremediation and reduce Cs accumulation in rice.
- This study provides novel insights into plant Cs/K homeostasis and strategies for mitigating Cs contamination.
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