[Chinese expert consensus on the etiological diagnosis of adult bronchiectasis]

Bronchiectasis is a highly heterogeneous chronic airway disease for which accurate etiological diagnosis is crucial for effective management. A group of experts from the China Bronchiectasis Alliance and the Infection Assembly of the Chinese Thoracic Society conducted a comprehensive review of recent research into the etiology of bronchiectasis. Using the widely accepted Delphi methodology, the experts reached a consensus on the etiological diagnosis of bronchiectasis through multiple rounds of discussion and revision. The consensus is divided into four sections: the definition and classification of the etiology of bronchiectasis, the etiological diagnostic procedures for bronchiectasis, the treatable causes of bronchiectasis, and other causes of bronchiectasis. The ultimate goal of this consensus is to improve the diagnostic accuracy and optimize the management of bronchiectasis in China. The main recommendations of Section 1 focused on chest thin-section computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of bronchiectasis and the etiological classification. The main recommendations of Section 2 focused on the medical history collection for bronchiectasis and the etiological diagnostic protocol for bronchiectasis. The main recommendations of Section 3 focused on the recommendations of the diagnosis of bronchiectasis secondary to COPD, the diagnosis of bronchiectasis due to asthma, diffuse pan-bronchiolitis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, connective tissue disease (CTD)-related bronchiectasis or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-related bronchiectasis. The main recommendations of Section 4 focused on suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)-associated bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis and the diagnosis of congenital airway malformations.