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Decrease in Hemoglobin Levels during Acute Attacks in Patients with Idiopathic Recurrent Pericarditis: A Model of
Francesca Casarin1,2, Ruggiero Mascolo1,2, Irene Motta3,4
1Department of Internal Medicine, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 20121 Milan, Italy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Acute inflammation, such as in recurrent pericarditis, can cause a transient drop in hemoglobin. This anemia, linked to elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), is normocytic and reversible.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Anemia associated with acute inflammation is not well-documented.
- Recurrent pericarditis offers a potential model to study transient anemia during acute inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate transient hemoglobin decrease during acute attacks of recurrent pericarditis.
- To correlate hemoglobin variation with clinical and laboratory markers of inflammation.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 62 patients with recurrent pericarditis.
- Comparison of hemoglobin levels during acute attacks versus remission.
- Correlation of hemoglobin changes with C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophilia, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.
Main Results:
- A significant median hemoglobin reduction of 1.4 g/dL was observed during acute attacks compared to remission (p < 0.001).
- Hemoglobin decrease correlated with elevated CRP, neutrophilia, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.
- CRP elevation was the only independent predictor of hemoglobin variation in multivariate analysis.
Conclusions:
- Hemoglobin levels can rapidly decline during acute inflammation, presenting as transient normocytic anemia.
- This anemia is associated with inflammatory markers, particularly CRP elevation.
- Recurrent pericarditis may serve as a model for understanding inflammation-induced anemia.
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