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Risks Associated with the Use of Intranasal Corticosteroids: An Analysis of Adverse Reactions Reported to
Luís Martins1, Samuel Silvestre2, Cristina Monteiro2,3,4
1Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
Abstract:
Background: Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are used for several conditions, including allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. Consequently, their safety profile needs continuous monitoring. This study aimed to analyse the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of the INCS with market authorisation in Europe. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the ADR data from EudraVigilance in the period between the 1 January 2011 and 12 June 2023 was performed, with 2641 reports selected for analysis. ADRs were categorised by seriousness and evolution, with a focus on the most prevalent ADRs and their alignment with the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). Results: The 18-64 age group, particularly females, was most affected. Mometasone was the most reported INCS, with predominantly non-serious ADRs, evolving towards resolution, which often were not listed in the SmPC. From the reported ADRs that were not described in the SmPC of the INCS studied, "Anosmia" and "Ageusia" were highlighted. Regarding the ADRs described in the SmPC, the most frequently reported were "Epistaxis" and "Headache". The ADRs belonging to the Designated Medical Event list were also analysed, with "Angioedema" as the most reported ADR, which was mainly associated with budesonide. Conclusions: These findings underscore the importance of continuous INCS monitoring to mitigate ADRs and safeguard public health. Further research is warranted to explore potential novel signs for safety arising from previously unreported ADRs.
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