Athlete Perspectives on Concussion Recognition and Management in Gaelic Games: A Qualitative Analysis

Background: The focus of this qualitative research was to interview current and retired Gaelic games athletes to ascertain how athletes viewed concussion recognition and management. Methods: A grounded theory methodology design was utilised to investigate concussion recognition and management experiences of a cohort of Gaelic games athletes (n = 22). Data for the study were collected using a semi-structured interview format. Results: Two major themes were identified: (1) an inconsistent identification of concussion as an injury and the absence of standardised procedures for removal from play, and (2) the impact of athlete-driven decision making on concussion management. Concussions were experienced by all the participants on multiple occasions while playing Gaelic games. However, concussion recognition and removal rarely occurred, as many athletes chose not to disclose their injuries or self-managed their concussions. Conclusions: The recognition and management of concussions in Gaelic games are currently inadequate, and they may be posing significant risks to athletes' long-term health. This research highlights the need for more stringent protocols for concussion recognition and removal at pitch side. In addition, Gaelic games require a more objective injury management plan during acute and chronic concussion recovery.