Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2025
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Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
Published on: December 15, 2011
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Transglutaminase 1: Emerging Functions beyond Skin.
Sahar Ebrahimi Samani1, Hideki Tatsukawa2, Kiyotaka Hitomi2
1Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Transglutaminase 1 (TG1) is vital for skin barrier function by crosslinking keratinocyte proteins. Emerging research suggests TG1 also impacts other tissues and diseases like cancer and fibrosis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Transglutaminase enzymes (TG) catalyze posttranslational modifications.
- Transglutaminase 1 (TG1) is essential for skin barrier formation by crosslinking keratinocyte proteins.
- Novel roles for TG1 beyond the skin are increasingly recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current knowledge on TG1 structure, activation, expression, and activity.
- To explore the putative novel functions of TG1 in normal tissue homeostasis.
- To discuss the role of TG1 in various pathologies, including cancer and fibrosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on TG1.
- Analysis of TG1 structure, activation mechanisms, and expression patterns.
- Synthesis of evidence regarding TG1's function in skin and other tissues.
Main Results:
- TG1 is a Ca2+- and thiol-dependent enzyme crucial for keratinocyte protein crosslinking and insolubilization.
- TG1's established role in skin barrier integrity is well-documented.
- Evidence suggests TG1 involvement in vascular integrity, cancer, and fibrosis.
Conclusions:
- TG1 is a key enzyme in skin barrier formation.
- TG1 exhibits diverse functions extending beyond the skin.
- Further research into TG1's roles in homeostasis and disease is warranted.
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