Immune Profile in COVID-19: Unveiling T_R3-56 Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The emergence of COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presented a global health challenge since its identification in December 2019. With clinical manifestations ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe multi-organ dysfunction, COVID-19 continues to affect populations worldwide. The complex interactions between SARS-CoV-2 variants and the human immune system are crucial for developing effective therapies, vaccines, and preventive measures. Understanding these immune responses highlights the intricate nature of COVID-19 pathogenesis. This retrospective study analyzed, by flow cytometry approach, a cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the initial pandemic waves from 2020 to 2021. It focused on untreated individuals at the time of hospital admission and examined the presence of T_R3-56 cells in their immune profiles during the anti-viral immune response. Our findings provide additional insights into the complex immunological dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the potential role of T_R3-56 cells as crucial components of the immune response. We suggest that T_R3-56 cells could serve as valuable biomarkers for identifying more severe cases of COVID-19, aiding in the assessment and management of the disease.