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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Improved 3D Hydrogel Cultures of Primary Glial Cells for In Vitro Modelling of Neuroinflammation
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Inflammaging and Brain Aging.

Maria Carolina Jurcau1, Anamaria Jurcau2, Alexander Cristian2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Aging increases neurodegenerative disease risk due to brain changes and inflammation. Understanding these processes, including inflammaging, may lead to interventions for healthier aging and cognitive function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Increased lifespan is associated with a rise in age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.
  • Brain aging involves morphological, cellular, and signaling pathway changes, leading to cognitive decline.
  • Neuroinflammation and chronic systemic inflammation (inflammaging) are implicated in age-associated neurodegeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the link between aging, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.
  • To investigate the role of factors like circadian clock dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, immunosenescence, and cholinergic signaling in age-related cognitive decline.
  • To highlight gender differences in neurodegeneration and the potential of rejuvenation research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on aging, neurodegeneration, and inflammation.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and genetic factors involved in cellular senescence.
  • Examination of gender-specific mechanisms in neurodegeneration, particularly glial cell involvement.

Main Results:

  • Aging induces brain changes and cognitive impairments, with neuroinflammation and inflammaging playing key pathogenic roles.
  • Dysfunctions in circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, immune system aging, and cholinergic signaling contribute to neurodegeneration.
  • Gender differences exist in neurodegeneration susceptibility and progression, influenced by glial cells.

Conclusions:

  • Interfering with pathways promoting cellular senescence may offer strategies to prevent or delay neurodegeneration.
  • Further research into gender-specific mechanisms and individualized therapeutic approaches is crucial.
  • Rejuvenation research holds promise for mitigating age-associated cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases.