Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
Published on: December 29, 2016
Establishing Composition of Solid Solution Based on Single Crystal and Powder X-ray Measurement: The Case of
Anita M Grześkiewicz1, Grzegorz Dutkiewicz1, Ibrahim I Ozturk2
1Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
Abstract:
New bismuth (III) complexes with acetophenone-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (L) and halogens (Cl and Br) in both bridging and terminal positions have been synthesized and structurally characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The pure complexes (Cl or Br) were found to be highly isostructural, which motivated our attempts to create solid solutions of these complexes. A series of such compounds was prepared using various procedures and stoichiometries. A method for determining the mutual concentrations of different halogens, based on the positions of selected peaks in powder diffraction patterns, was tested and compared with other methods.
Related Concept Videos
Precipitation of Ions
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:
Ionic Crystal Structures
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
Mass Spectrometry: Alkyl Halide Fragmentation
Solubility Equilibria
The...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...

