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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

1.6K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
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Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing
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Balloon-Shaped SMF Blood Glucose Concentration and Temperature Sensor Based on Core-Offset Structure.

Weihua Zhang1, Yixi Liu1, Zhengrong Tong1

  • 1Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel fiber optic sensor detects blood glucose and temperature using a balloon-shaped fiber. This simple, stable sensor offers potential for diagnosing high blood glucose levels.

Keywords:
Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI)balloon-shaped single-mode fiber (SMF)blood glucose concentration sensordual-parameter measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Biomedical Sensing
  • Fiber Optics

Background:

  • Accurate blood glucose monitoring is crucial for diabetes management.
  • Existing methods for glucose sensing can be invasive or lack real-time capabilities.
  • Simultaneous temperature measurement is often needed for accurate glucose readings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel fiber optic sensor for simultaneous blood glucose concentration and temperature measurement.
  • To utilize a core-offset structure in a single-mode fiber to create a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
  • To investigate the sensor's performance characteristics, including sensitivity and stability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a balloon-shaped single-mode fiber (SMF) using offset-fusing techniques.
  • Excitation of higher-order cladding modes via the core-offset structure.
  • Experimental characterization of the sensor's response to varying blood glucose concentrations and temperatures.
  • Application of a dual-parameter matrix for simultaneous measurement.

Main Results:

  • The sensor demonstrated a maximum sensitivity of 0.331 nm/(mmol/l) for blood glucose concentration.
  • The sensor achieved a maximum sensitivity of 0.216 nm/°C for temperature.
  • Dual-parameter measurement of glucose and temperature was successfully realized.
  • The sensor exhibited a simple structure, low cost, good stability, and resistance to electromagnetic interference.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed balloon-shaped SMF sensor based on a core-offset structure is effective for simultaneous glucose and temperature sensing.
  • The sensor's high sensitivity, stability, and cost-effectiveness make it a promising tool for diagnosing hyperglycemia.
  • This technology holds potential for non-invasive or minimally invasive glucose monitoring applications.