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Hyperadrenocorticism in dogs disrupts the gut microbiome, reducing diversity. This dysbiosis persists even after trilostane treatment, impacting metabolic health and suggesting new therapeutic avenues.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is a common endocrine disorder in dogs.
  • HAC is linked to various metabolic abnormalities.
  • Elevated cortisol levels may impact the gut microbiome (GM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the gut microbiome composition in dogs with HAC.
  • To determine if gut dysbiosis persists after trilostane treatment for HAC.
  • To identify specific bacterial changes associated with HAC.

Main Methods:

  • Compared GM composition in 15 dogs with HAC and 9 healthy controls.
  • Analyzed GM in 5 HAC dogs post-trilostane treatment.
  • Utilized Shannon index for diversity and beta diversity analysis for clustering.

Main Results:

  • Dogs with HAC exhibited reduced microbiome diversity (Shannon index, p = 0.0148).
  • Distinct GM clustering separated HAC dogs from controls (beta diversity, p < 0.003).
  • HAC dogs showed increased Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroides, Enterococcus, Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Proteus, and decreased Firmicutes.

Conclusions:

  • Gut dysbiosis is present in dogs with HAC.
  • Dysbiosis persists post-trilostane treatment, potentially contributing to ongoing metabolic issues.
  • Targeting GM dysbiosis may offer novel therapeutic strategies for HAC management.