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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) is implicated in maintaining the mucus barrier.
  • Understanding TFF1 expression in various cancers is crucial for potential therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of TFF1 expression across a wide range of human tumor types.
  • To investigate the correlation between TFF1 expression and clinicopathological parameters in specific cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on a large tissue microarray (18,878 tumor samples, 608 normal tissue samples).
  • Analysis covered 149 tumor types and 76 normal tissue types.

Main Results:

  • TFF1 staining was detected in 65 out of 149 tumor categories.
  • High TFF1 positivity was observed in mucinous ovarian carcinomas, colorectal neoplasms, breast neoplasms, and various adenocarcinomas.
  • TFF1 expression correlated with lower malignancy grade in urothelial and breast cancers, and with receptor status in breast cancer.

Conclusions:

  • TFF1 immunohistochemistry has limited utility for differentiating tumor entities due to widespread expression.
  • The association of TFF1 with malignancy parameters suggests a significant biological role in cancer development.
  • TFF1's restricted expression in normal tissues makes it a potential therapeutic target.