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Related Concept Videos

Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

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Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
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When in group settings, we are often influenced by the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors around us. Groupthink is another phenomenon of conformity where modification of the opinions of members in a group aligns with what they believe is the group consensus (Janis, 1972). In such situations, the group often takes action that individuals would not perform outside the group setting because groups make more extreme decisions than individuals do. Moreover, groupthink can hinder opposing trains of...
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Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
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Critical thinking involves reflective and productive thinking and the evaluation of evidence. Critical thinkers seek to understand the deeper meaning of ideas, question assumptions, and make independent decisions about what to believe or do. Scientists, for instance, are often critical thinkers. Critical thinking also requires humility about what we know and don't know and the motivation to look beyond the obvious. It is essential for effective problem-solving.
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The electron of an atom can be abstracted from a compound by a relatively unstable radical to generate a new radical of relatively greater stability. For example, an initiator which forms radicals by homolysis can abstract a suitable species like a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom from a compound to generate a new radical. This ability of radicals to propagate by abstraction is a crucial feature of radical chain reactions.
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Toward building deliberative digital media: from subversion to consensus.

Alex Pentland1, Lily Tsai2

  • 1Stanford Digital Economy Lab, Stanford University, 353 Jane Stanford Way, Mail Code: 4115, Stanford, CA 94301, USA.

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|October 16, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human-centric design principles can improve digital media platforms, reducing misinformation and polarization. This approach can foster better online discussions and collective action, leveraging social science insights for next-generation platforms.

Keywords:
consensusdeliberative democracydigital mediamisinformationpolarization

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Media Studies
  • Social Science Research
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Current digital media platforms contribute to societal issues like misinformation and polarization.
  • Misaligned incentives within platforms exacerbate these problems.
  • Existing designs often fail to support constructive dialogue or collective action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore how evidence-based, human-centric design can mitigate problems on digital media.
  • To identify social science principles applicable to improving online platforms.
  • To examine the potential of deliberative digital media for contentious issues and collective action.

Main Methods:

  • Review of social science research on digital media problems.
  • Analysis of design principles for evidence-based and human-centric platforms.
  • Case study of a deliberative democracy platform.

Main Results:

  • Social science research offers insights into the origins of digital media problems.
  • Human-centric design can foster more productive online discussions.
  • Generative artificial intelligence may enhance future deliberative platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing evidence-based, human-centric design is crucial for healthier digital public spheres.
  • Social science knowledge can guide the creation of next-generation digital media.
  • Future platforms can better support democratic deliberation and collective action.