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Education Research: Predictors of Resident Physician Comfort With Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Cross-sectional Study.
Hannah F Johnson Shapiro1, Julia S Frueh1, Madeline Chiujdea1
1From the Department of Neurology (H.F.J.S., J.S.F., M.C.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; and Department of Neurology (S.S., J.S.S.), and Department of Pediatrics (J.S.S.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.
Neurology. Education
|October 16, 2024
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
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Resident physicians with more experience caring for individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) reported higher comfort levels. Increased training opportunities are needed to improve resident physicians' comfort with this patient population.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Disability Studies
- Public Health
Background:
- Individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) face significant health disparities, often stemming from inadequate healthcare access.
- Provider discomfort and lack of specific training are identified as primary barriers to effective care for individuals with IDD.
- Addressing these barriers is crucial for improving health outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the current educational background and clinical experiences of resident physicians concerning individuals with IDD.
- To evaluate the comfort levels of resident physicians when interacting with and providing care to patients with IDD.
- To identify key factors that predict enhanced comfort levels in managing patients with IDD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was administered to medical residents across 7 programs in Boston, Massachusetts.
- The survey collected data on formal education, prior experiences, and self-assessed comfort levels (6-point Likert scale) with individuals with IDD.
- Statistical analyses, including Spearman and partial Spearman correlations, were used to explore relationships between variables.
Main Results:
- A low response rate (49%) was observed, with 423 residents included; 96% had treated patients with IDD, but only 25% received formal education.
- The mean comfort level was 3.73, with prior experience showing a moderate positive correlation (r_s = 0.42) with comfort.
- Formal education hours (r_s = 0.15) and pediatric specialty training (r_s = 0.18) had weaker correlations; only prior experience remained significant after controlling for other factors (r_s = 0.38).
Conclusions:
- Direct prior experience with individuals with IDD is the strongest predictor of increased comfort among resident physicians.
- The findings underscore a critical gap in formal medical training regarding the care of patients with IDD.
- Recommendations include integrating more experiential learning opportunities to enhance resident preparedness and improve care quality for individuals with IDD.