Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

6.7K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
6.7K
Random Variables01:09

Random Variables

11.4K
A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
11.4K
Group Design02:01

Group Design

8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Random Error01:04

Random Error

841
Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
841
Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

11.0K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
11.0K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

58.2K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
58.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cognitive dispersion in established adulthood: etiology and implications for cognitive aging.

Innovation in aging·2026
Same author

Non-cognitive skills mediate education-related polygenic score associations with academic achievement across development.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Charting the cognitive development of children using adult 'polygenic g scores'.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Publisher Correction: Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptoms and diagnosis identifies new loci and potential effector genes.

Nature genetics·2025
Same author

Genome-wide association meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptoms and diagnosis identifies new loci and potential effector genes.

Nature genetics·2025
Same author

Genetics of monozygotic twins reveals the impact of environmental sensitivity on psychiatric and neurodevelopmental phenotypes.

Nature human behaviour·2025
Same journal

A dual cohort analysis of parenting practices, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, anger, and emotion dysregulation in middle childhood: Findings from a UK and Zurich sample.

JCPP advances·2026
Same journal

The efficacy of an online self-administered single session intervention to promote growth mindset in adolescents: A randomised controlled trial.

JCPP advances·2026
Same journal

Cohort profile: The Halmstad University Register on Pupils with Intellectual Disability.

JCPP advances·2026
Same journal

Patterns of help-seeking for mental health problems in 1001 self-identified neurodivergent adolescents who self-harm.

JCPP advances·2026
Same journal

Psychopathy traits and their link to emotion recognition impairments in conduct disorder.

JCPP advances·2026
Same journal

Sufficiency of current practice: How well does the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire detect clinically elevated posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in children in care?

JCPP advances·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

8.7K

Nonshared environment: Real but random.

Robert Plomin1

  • 1King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience London UK.

JCPP Advances
|October 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Behavioral genetics reveals that non-shared environmental factors significantly impact psychopathology. Research has struggled to identify these environmental causes, suggesting a need for new conceptual frameworks.

Keywords:
clonesendogenous noisegeneticsnonshared environmentparentingrandomness

More Related Videos

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster
08:04

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: November 5, 2015

12.1K
Radio Frequency Identification and Motion-sensitive Video Efficiently Automate Recording of Unrewarded Choice Behavior by Bumblebees
09:09

Radio Frequency Identification and Motion-sensitive Video Efficiently Automate Recording of Unrewarded Choice Behavior by Bumblebees

Published on: November 15, 2014

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice
09:35

Environmental Modulations of the Number of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons in Adult Mice

Published on: January 20, 2015

8.7K
Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster
08:04

Conditions Affecting Social Space in Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: November 5, 2015

12.1K
Radio Frequency Identification and Motion-sensitive Video Efficiently Automate Recording of Unrewarded Choice Behavior by Bumblebees
09:09

Radio Frequency Identification and Motion-sensitive Video Efficiently Automate Recording of Unrewarded Choice Behavior by Bumblebees

Published on: November 15, 2014

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Psychopathology
  • Environmental Influences

Background:

  • Behavioral genetics indicates that at least half of psychopathology variance stems from non-shared environmental effects.
  • Despite extensive research, the specific causes of these non-shared environmental influences, particularly parenting, remain unidentified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the search for systematic causes of non-shared environmental effects in psychopathology.
  • To consider a new conceptual framework for understanding 'missing' non-shared environmental influences.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of behavioral genetics research on psychopathology.
  • Conceptual analysis of the search for non-shared environmental causes.

Main Results:

  • The search for exogenous causes (e.g., parenting) has been unsuccessful.
  • Non-shared environment may arise from endogenous processes (e.g., somatic mutations, epigenetics, subjective perceptions) rather than external events.

Conclusions:

  • The 'gloomy prospect' of unpredictable non-shared environmental effects may not be as negative as initially perceived.
  • Rethinking the nature of non-shared environment is crucial for understanding psychopathology development.