Effect of obesity and hypertension on left ventricular geometry and function among asymptomatic Indian adults

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Cardiovascular Research
• Clinical Physiology

Background:

• Hypertension and obesity are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
• Left ventricular (LV) function is crucial for cardiovascular health.
• Understanding the specific effects of these conditions on LV function is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of obesity and hypertension on LV geometry, systolic function, and diastolic function.
• To differentiate the effects of obesity versus hypertension on echocardiographic parameters.
• To assess these effects in asymptomatic adult individuals.

Main Methods:

• Cross-sectional study of 100 asymptomatic adults (60 male, 40 female).
• Categorization into obese normotensives and non-obese hypertensives based on Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index.
• Echocardiographic assessment of LV geometry and function, analyzed using Unpaired t test (p<0.05 significance).

Main Results:

• Non-obese hypertensives showed significant alterations in LV geometry and systolic function.
• Obese normotensives exhibited affected LV diastolic function parameters.
• Diastolic dysfunction was prevalent: 54% in obese normotensives and 58% in non-obese hypertensives.
• Hypertension significantly impacted LV geometry, systolic, and diastolic function.
• Obesity affected LV geometry and diastolic function, even with preserved systolic function.

Conclusions:

• Hypertension is a significant determinant of left ventricular geometry and function, affecting both systolic and diastolic parameters.
• Obesity impacts left ventricular geometry and diastolic function, highlighting its role in cardiovascular remodeling.
• These findings underscore the importance of managing hypertension and obesity to prevent adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.