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Curcumin Modulates the Differential Effects of Fructose and High-fat Diet on Renal Damage, Inflammation, Fibrosis,
Cecilia Gabriela Melendez-Salcido1, Joel Ramirez-Emiliano1, Juana Rosalba Garcia-Ramirez2,3
1Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Background:
Dyslipidemia and obesity hypercaloric diet-induced lead to kidney damage. We investigated the effect of curcumin on the expression of proteins related to inflammation, fibrosis, fatty acids metabolism, kidney damage, and morphological changes in the kidneys of mice hypercaloric diets-fed.
Methods:
Groups of 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice (n=6) were formed: Control (C), High-fructose diet (F), Highfructose diet and curcumin (F+Cur), High-fat diet (HFD), High-fat diet and curcumin (HFD+Cur), High-fat diet and fructose (HFD+F), High-fat diet, fructose and curcumin (HFD+F+Cur), treated for 16 weeks with 30% (w/v) fructose, 60% (w/w) fat and 0.75% (w/w) curcumin. Kidneys were obtained for histomorphological and Western blot analysis.
Results:
Curcumin prevented TNF-α overexpression in the F and HFD+F groups. VLCAD expression was higher in the F, HFD, and HFD+F groups. PPARγ expression was lower in the F+Cur, HFD+Cur, and HFD+F+Cur groups. Curcumin prevented overexpression of CPT1 and KIM1 in the HFD+F and HFD groups. Curcumin prevented morphological lesions, fibrosis, and lipid deposition that were hypercaloric diet-induced.
Conclusion:
Chronic consumption of hypercaloric diets causes inflammation, fibrosis, and lipid deposition in the kidney. It is suggested that curcumin prevents renal structural damage, limits tissue lipid deposition, and differentially modulates renal injury depending on diet composition in mice fed high-fat and/or high-fructose diets.
Insights
Curcumin supplementation in mice fed high-fat or high-fructose diets mitigated kidney damage by reducing inflammation and lipid deposition. This study highlights curcumin's protective effects against diet-induced renal injury.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Hypercaloric diets, including high-fat (HFD) and high-fructose (HF) diets, induce dyslipidemia and obesity, leading to kidney damage.
- Investigating the impact of curcumin on kidney health under such dietary conditions is crucial for understanding potential therapeutic interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of curcumin on inflammation, fibrosis, fatty acid metabolism, and kidney damage in mice fed hypercaloric diets.
- To analyze the impact of curcumin on morphological changes in the kidneys induced by HFD and/or HF diets.
Main Methods:
- Mice were fed control, HFD, HF, or combined HFD+HF diets, with or without curcumin supplementation, for 16 weeks.
- Kidney tissues were analyzed using histomorphological and Western blot techniques to assess protein expression and structural changes.
Main Results:
- Curcumin administration prevented the overexpression of TNF-α and KIM1, key markers of inflammation and kidney injury.
- Curcumin normalized the expression of proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism, such as VLCAD, PPARγ, and CPT1.
- Histological analysis revealed that curcumin ameliorated diet-induced morphological lesions, fibrosis, and lipid deposition in the kidneys.
Conclusions:
- Chronic consumption of hypercaloric diets leads to significant kidney inflammation, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation.
- Curcumin demonstrates a protective role against renal structural damage and limits tissue lipid deposition.
- Curcumin's renoprotective effects are modulated by the specific composition of high-fat and/or high-fructose diets.
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