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The Double-Edged Sword Property of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer

Hongliang Yao1, Caihua Sun1, Chengjun Wang1

  • 1The Second Department of General Surgery, Hengshui People's Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei Province, China.

The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology : the Official Journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology
|October 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomal microRNAs show paradoxical effects in colorectal cancer (CRC). This review explores their dual role in CRC progression and potential as a therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise in cancer therapy due to immunomodulatory and regenerative properties.
  • MSCs exhibit a dual role in colorectal cancer (CRC), with some studies reporting inhibitory effects and others indicating tumor-promoting impacts.
  • Exosomal microRNAs (Exo-miRs) from MSCs (MSCs-Exo-miRs) are implicated in this paradoxical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of MSCs-Exo-miRs in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of MSCs-Exo-miRs for CRC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating MSCs-Exo-miRs in CRC.
  • Analysis of reported effects of MSCs-Exo-miRs on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and infiltration.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic strategies involving MSCs-Exo-miRs for CRC.

Main Results:

  • MSCs-Exo-miRs can either suppress or promote CRC progression, depending on the specific microRNAs and context.
  • Certain MSCs-Exo-miRs demonstrate inhibitory effects on CRC cell proliferation and metastasis.
  • Other MSCs-Exo-miRs have been shown to enhance CRC growth and invasion.

Conclusions:

  • MSCs-Exo-miRs represent a critical factor mediating the dual effects of MSCs in CRC.
  • Understanding the specific functions of MSCs-Exo-miRs is crucial for developing effective cell-based therapies for CRC.
  • Targeting specific MSCs-Exo-miRs holds potential for novel therapeutic interventions against colorectal cancer.

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