Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 10, 2025
09:45
Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria
Published on: July 24, 2016
11.7K
Ferric iron stabilization at deep magma ocean conditions
Hongluo L Zhang1, Marc M Hirschmann2, Oliver T Lord3
1State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
Science Advances
|October 16, 2024
Summary
Early Earth
Area of Science:
- Planetary Science
- Geochemistry
- High-Pressure Geophysics
Background:
- The early Earth's magma ocean influenced its redox state and atmosphere.
- Previous studies on iron oxidation in magma oceans yielded conflicting results.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the iron oxidation state (Fe3+/ΣFe) in a deep magma ocean.
- To understand the implications for Earth's early atmosphere and redox budget.
Main Methods:
- Experiments on melts equilibrated with iron alloys at high pressures (38-71 GPa) and temperatures (3600-4400 K).
- Analysis of quenched glasses using synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Main Results:
- Fe3+/ΣFe ratios ranged from 0.056 to 0.112 at 28-53 GPa.
- These values suggest sufficient Fe2O3 production to explain Earth's bulk silicate redox budget.
Conclusions:
- Deep magma ocean conditions establish an oxidizing environment.
- This supports a primitive atmosphere rich in carbon monoxide and water.
More Related Videos
11:50Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
Published on: June 13, 2015
12.5K
06:04Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
Published on: November 15, 2013
11.5K
Related Concept Videos
01:31Ferromagnetism
2.4K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
2.4K
01:09Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes
346
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
346
01:27Corrosion of Reinforcement
162
The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
However, over time and under certain conditions like carbonation, chloride ingress, and cracking this protective state can be compromised. Steel has areas with...
162
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
23.4K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
23.4K
01:19Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria
1.4K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
In this solution, the primary...
1.4K
01:23Complexation Equilibria: Overview
639
Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
639