Ce-MOF@Au-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Apolipoprotein A1 Detection Using Nanobody Technology.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) is a critical biomarker for cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis.
• Current Apo-A1 detection methods are often expensive and complex.
• Nanobodies offer enhanced specificity and tissue permeability for biosensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a cost-effective and highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for Apo-A1 detection.
• To leverage nanobody technology for improved specificity in Apo-A1 quantification.
• To establish a reliable method for Apo-A1 analysis in clinical serum samples.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of Cerium-based Metal-Organic Frameworks@Gold Nanoparticles (Ce-MOF@AuNPs) nanocomposites.
• Modification of a glassy carbon electrode with Ce-MOF@AuNPs.
• Immobilization of anti-Apo-A1 nanobody (Nb6) onto the modified electrode.
• Electrochemical detection of Apo-A1 using the developed immunosensor.

Main Results:

• The immunosensor exhibited a logarithmic response to Apo-A1 concentrations from 1 to 100,000 pg/mL.
• A highly sensitive detection limit of 36 fg/mL was achieved.
• The sensor demonstrated excellent selectivity, stability, and reproducibility.
• Successful application in analyzing clinical serum samples was confirmed.

Conclusions:

• The developed electrochemical immunosensor provides a sensitive, selective, and stable platform for Apo-A1 detection.
• This nanobody-based approach offers a promising alternative to existing methods for cardiovascular disease diagnostics.
• The technology holds potential for advancing early detection and monitoring of cardiovascular conditions.