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Author Spotlight: Detection and Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Published on: July 28, 2023
Prevalence, Predictors, and Treatment Outcomes of Anemia in Vietnamese School-Age Children With Helicobacter pylori
Rang N Nguyen1, Nghia Q Bui1, Kieu Oanh T Nguyen1
1Pediatrics, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, VNM.
Insights
Anemia affects over a quarter of Vietnamese children with Helicobacter pylori infection. Iron supplementation and deworming significantly reduce anemia risk, with combined treatment improving iron status.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Hematology
Background:
- Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia (IDA), is a significant health concern in developing countries, often linked to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection.
- H. pylori eradication combined with iron supplementation shows promise for treating IDA in affected populations.
- Assessing anemia prevalence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes in H. pylori-infected Vietnamese school-age children is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of anemia and IDA in H. pylori-infected school-age children in Vietnam.
- To identify risk factors associated with anemia in this population.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication and iron supplementation in treating anemia.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 112 dyspeptic children (5-16 years) at Can Tho Children's Hospital, Vietnam.
- H. pylori infection diagnosed via histopathology and rapid urease test.
- Logistic regression models used to identify anemia risk and protective factors; hematological parameters assessed pre- and post-treatment.
Main Results:
- Prevalence of anemia and IDA among H. pylori-infected children was 28.6% and 53.1%, respectively.
- Older age (11-16 years) was a risk factor for anemia (OR: 3.24), while iron supplementation (OR: 0.14) and deworming (OR: 0.29) were protective.
- Treatment with H. pylori eradication and iron supplementation significantly improved hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and ferritin levels in anemic patients.
Conclusions:
- Anemia is highly prevalent in Vietnamese school-age children with H. pylori infection.
- Iron supplementation and periodic deworming are effective protective measures against anemia.
- Combined H. pylori eradication and oral iron supplementation therapy successfully improves hematological parameters and iron status.
Abstract:
Background A growing number of studies suggest that anemia caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is prevalent in developing countries. A combination of H. pylori eradication and iron supplementation may be effective in treating iron deficiency anemia (IDA) caused by H. pylori infection. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of anemia in Vietnamese school-age children infected with H. pylori Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2023 to April 2024 involving 112 dyspeptic children from 5 to 16 years old who were admitted to Can Tho Children's Hospital, Vietnam. H. pylori infection was diagnosed with a positive histopathology combined with a rapid urease test. A bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent variables associated with anemia in H. pylori-infected children. Results The prevalence of anemia and IDA (iron deficiency anemia) among H . pylori-infected children were 28.6% and 53.1%, respectively. The risk factor for anemia was age group from 11 to 16 years of age (OR: 3.24; CI 95%:1.21- 8.70). Iron supplementation (OR: 0.14; CI 95%:0.03 - 0.66) and periodic deworming (OR: 0.29; CI 95%: 0.10-0.89) were protective factors against anemia. After H. pyroli eradication and iron supplementation, all hematological parameters were increased among 32 anemic patients. Hemoglobin increased from 9.9 ±2.1 to 11.9±2.1 g/dL (p<0.001), mean corpuscular hemoglobin increased from 25.1 ± 4.1 to 28.0 ± 3.3 pg (P=0.003), and ferritin (IQR) increased from 16.7 (9.5-45.2) to 27.0 (15.1-47.0) µg/L (p<0.001). Conclusion Anemia in Vietnamese school-age children infected with H. pylori is prevalent. Taking iron supplements and periodic deworming reduces the risk of anemia. H. pylori eradication therapy plus oral iron supplementation will improve iron status in H. pylori-infected children.
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