Knowledge related to breast cancer screening programs by physicians in Brazil

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Oncology
• Public Health

Background:

• Breast cancer screening practices and adherence to guidelines vary among different physician specialties in Brazil.
• Knowledge gaps exist regarding the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS™) interpretation and appropriate screening protocols.
• Misconceptions about the role of breast ultrasound in screening are prevalent among physicians.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the knowledge and practices of Brazilian gynecologists, obstetricians, and family physicians concerning breast cancer screening.
• To evaluate their understanding and application of the BI-RADS™ system for mammographic findings.
• To examine their approach to managing suspected clinical breast lesions.

Main Methods:

• An observational, cross-sectional study utilizing an online questionnaire.
• The survey was distributed via email to a large cohort of practicing physicians in Brazil.
• Data collected included adherence to screening protocols, BI-RADS™ interpretation accuracy, and views on ultrasound's role.

Main Results:

• Significant discrepancies were found in adherence to age-specific screening protocols (e.g., 40-74 vs. 50-69 years).
• High rates of incorrect BI-RADS™ interpretation were observed, particularly among family physicians (77.9%).
• A notable percentage of physicians incorrectly consider breast ultrasound a primary screening tool, especially those not following established protocols.

Conclusions:

• Inadequate training is a primary driver of suboptimal breast cancer screening practices.
• Physicians' insufficient knowledge of BI-RADS™ guidelines leads to non-adherence and potential errors in patient management.
• Enhanced training is crucial to improve breast cancer screening accuracy and patient outcomes in Brazil.