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Personality differences, particularly high psychoticism, characterize depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPDR). Narratives of individuals with DPDR often involve poor agency, isolation, and a disrupted sense of self.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPDR) is a significant mental health condition.
  • The influence of personality structure, social support, and loneliness on DPDR remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of personality traits, maladaptive traits, perceived social support, and loneliness in DPDR.
  • To examine the structure and interconnectivity of these factors within individuals experiencing DPDR.
  • To explore the narrative identities and characteristic adaptations associated with DPDR.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted: network modeling comparing DPDR patients to a general population (N=160 vs. 303) on personality and social factors, analysis of personality, social factors, and DPDR traits in DPDR patients (N=160), and thematic analysis of narratives in DPDR patients (N=19).
  • Utilized the five-factor model and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) for personality assessment.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in personality traits, notably psychoticism and negative affect, were observed between DPDR patients and the general population.
  • Network analysis revealed differences in global centrality but not structure or edges between samples.
  • A community of dissociative tendencies, including DPDR traits and psychoticism, was identified. Narrative analysis highlighted themes of poor agency, isolation, and a disrupted sense of self as key life transitions in DPDR.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in personality, particularly psychoticism, are characteristic of DPDR.
  • Findings suggest implications for theoretical frameworks and future research directions in understanding and treating DPDR.