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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters
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Nonlinear Thermoplasmonics in Graphene Nanostructures.

Line Jelver1, Joel D Cox1,2

  • 1POLIMA─Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.

Nano Letters
|October 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers activated thermoplasmons in narrow graphene nanoribbons using moderate energy. This enables significant nonlinear optical effects like third-harmonic generation and optical Kerr nonlinearities in the mid- and near-infrared spectrum.

Keywords:
graphenenanophotonicsnonlinear opticsplasmonsquantum plasmonicsthermo-optical responsethermoplasmonics

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Area of Science:

  • * Condensed matter physics
  • * Plasmonics
  • * Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • * Graphene's linear electronic dispersion provides significant intrinsic optical nonlinearity.
  • * Graphene nanostructures enhance nonlinear optical phenomena via plasmons.
  • * Achieving mid- and near-infrared resonances requires nanoscale patterning (~10 nm), where quantum finite-size effects are critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the activation of thermoplasmons in narrow graphene nanoribbons.
  • * To explore the potential for driving nonlinear optical effects using photothermal excitation.
  • * To assess the feasibility of avoiding electrical gating or high doping levels for nonlinear plasmonics.

Main Methods:

  • * Fabrication of narrow graphene nanoribbons.
  • * Excitation of thermoplasmons using ultrashort optical pulses.
  • * Measurement of third-harmonic generation and optical Kerr nonlinearities.

Main Results:

  • * Thermoplasmons were successfully activated in narrow graphene nanoribbons at mid- and near-infrared frequencies with moderate absorbed energy.
  • * Substantial third-harmonic generation and optical Kerr nonlinearities were observed.
  • * Photothermal excitation proved effective in driving these nonlinear plasmonic phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • * Photothermal excitation is a viable method for activating nonlinear plasmonic phenomena in nanostructured graphene.
  • * This approach bypasses the need for invasive electrical gating or excessive charge carrier doping.
  • * The findings pave the way for practical applications of nonlinear plasmonics in graphene at technologically relevant IR frequencies.