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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

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Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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Supramolecular Polymer Additives as Repairable Reinforcements for Dynamic Covalent Networks.

Joost J B van der Tol1, Shahzad Hafeez1, Andy P G Bänziger1

  • 1Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel non-covalent reinforcement strategy for dynamic covalent networks (DCNs) using a supramolecular polymer additive. This approach enables adaptive reinforcement, easy reprocessing, and high recyclability, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional materials.

Keywords:
dynamic covalent networkmechanical propertiesreinforcementrepairabilityreprocessabilitysupramolecular polymer additive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Rigid reinforcements in dynamic covalent networks (DCNs) improve performance but pose recycling challenges.
  • Current recycling methods for reinforced DCNs are often inefficient or degrade material properties due to unrepairable components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel non-covalent reinforcement strategy for DCNs using a supramolecular polymer additive.
  • To demonstrate the adaptive, repairable, and recyclable nature of DCNs reinforced with supramolecular polymers.
  • To explore the role of supramolecular additives as compatibilizers or fillers to control material properties.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a supramolecular polymer of triazine-1,3,5-tribenzenecarboxamide (S-T) into DCNs.
  • Investigation of hydrogen-bonding interactions for reinforcement at room temperature.
  • Evaluation of one-pot reprocessing at elevated temperatures due to the non-covalent nature of S-T.
  • Analysis of S-T's role as a compatibilizer or filler based on covalent bonding.

Main Results:

  • The supramolecular additive (S-T) effectively strengthens the DCN via hydrogen bonding.
  • The non-covalent nature of S-T allows for facile one-pot reprocessing at high temperatures.
  • S-T can act as a compatibilizer or filler, enabling control over relaxation dynamics, reprocessability, and mechanical properties.
  • The S-T reinforcement was recovered with high yield and purity, demonstrating excellent recyclability.

Conclusions:

  • A novel supramolecular reinforcement strategy offers an adaptive and repairable alternative to conventional reinforcements in DCNs.
  • The temperature-controlled dynamics of supramolecular polymers provide a versatile tool for material design and recycling.
  • This approach highlights the potential of supramolecular polymer additives for creating high-performance, sustainable materials.