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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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  11. Sex, Vaccination Status, And Comorbidities Influence Long Covid Persistence.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Language, Communication And Culture
  7. Cultural Studies
  9. Postcolonial Studies
  11. Sex, Vaccination Status, And Comorbidities Influence Long Covid Persistence.

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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Sex, vaccination status, and comorbidities influence long COVID persistence.

Trevon Fuller1, Roxana Flores Mamani2, Heloísa Ferreira Pinto Santos3

  • 1Acute Febrile Illnesses Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Cep: 21.040-360 RJ, Brazil.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|October 17, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long COVID symptoms persisted for months in 21% of participants, with fatigue being most common. Female sex, lack of vaccination, and comorbidities increased Long COVID risk.

Keywords:
Cohort StudiesImmunoglobulin GPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeRisk Factors

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Long COVID, defined as persistent symptoms post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, presents a significant public health challenge.
  • Understanding demographic and clinical risk factors is crucial for managing Long COVID, especially in Upper Middle-Income Countries (UMICs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify demographic and clinical risk factors for Long COVID development and persistence.
  • To explore potential biomarkers, such as IgG antibody titers, predictive of symptom trajectory over time.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted with adults experiencing mild SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron variant surge.
  • Symptom persistence and IgG antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 subunit were monitored over time.

Main Results:

  • Of 276 infected participants, 21% experienced Long COVID symptoms for ≥2 months, and 5% for ≥12 months.
  • Fatigue, upper respiratory issues, and myalgia/arthralgia were the most frequent persistent symptoms.
  • Risk factors for persistence included female sex, incomplete vaccination, and pre-existing comorbidities. Lower anti-S1 IgG titers correlated with persistent fatigue.

Conclusions:

  • Symptom persistence decreased post-acute infection, yet 5% of individuals did not fully recover.
  • Women, those with comorbidities, and unvaccinated individuals faced higher Long COVID risks, even in a highly vaccinated population.
  • Immunoglobulin levels show potential as biomarkers for Long COVID fatigue.