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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Biopsy for Endometrial Cancer at Early Stage with Laparoscopy

Published on: August 19, 2021

How Many Sentinel Lymph Nodes Should We Excise in Patients With Melanoma?

Jason M Lizalek¹, Collin E Dougherty¹, Bradley N Reames¹

¹Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.

The Journal of Surgical Research

|October 17, 2024

Summary

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is crucial for melanoma staging. Examining at least 2 SLNs is recommended, as positivity rates plateau after this number, ensuring optimal patient staging.

Keywords:

Clinicopathologic Melanoma Sentinel lymph node biopsy Staging

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Surgical Pathology
Dermatology

Background:

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is standard for staging early-stage melanoma.
Optimal number of SLNs for examination in melanoma is undetermined.
This study identifies risk factors for SLN positivity and determines the necessary number of SLNs for accurate staging.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate risk factors associated with sentinel lymph node (SLN) positivity in melanoma patients.
To determine the minimum number of SLNs required for accurate melanoma staging.

Main Methods:

Utilized the National Cancer Database (2018-2020) for node-negative melanoma patients undergoing SLN biopsy.
Performed descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Employed propensity matching for robust analysis.

Main Results:

Identified 8,048 patients with positive SLN biopsy results out of 48,748.
SLN positivity rates varied significantly by primary site, sex, race, age, histology, Breslow thickness, and lymphovascular invasion.
Positivity rates plateaued after examining 4 SLNs, with no significant difference between 3 and more SLNs; propensity matching showed no difference when >2 SLNs were biopsied.

Conclusions:

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) positivity is directly related to the number of SLNs examined.
Recommends a minimum of 2 SLNs for optimal staging in melanoma patients.
This finding aids in refining surgical and pathological staging protocols for melanoma.