Zr-Doped High-Voltage Spinel LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ Manufactured via the Coprecipitation Method

Lithium nickel manganese oxide (LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄, LNMO) provides an elevated operating potential of 4.7 V and a theoretical capacity of 147 mAh g^-1, without the need for expensive cobalt. Zr-doped LNMO was synthesized using the coprecipitation technique with Couette-Taylor flow. FE-SEM images and TEM SAED patterns revealed that Zr-doped LNMO formed truncated octahedral structures with exposed (100) crystal facets. When compared to undoped LNMO, Zr-doped LNMO exhibited superior electrochemical performance. Electrochemical evaluations showed that Zr_0.1-LNMO achieved 85.9% rate capability at 10 C, significantly outperforming the 69.1% of bare LNMO. In addition, Zr_0.1-LNMO exhibited high stability, maintaining 76.8% of the discharge capacity even after 100 cycles.