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Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

97
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
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Memory Loss and Missteps: Investigating Fall Risks in Alzheimer's and Dementia Patients.

Asmaa Namoos1, Nicholas Thomson1, Sarah Bradley1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Injury and Violence Prevention Program, School of Medicine, Medical Center West Hospital, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), 1200 E Broad Steet, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.

Advances in Geriatric Medicine and Research
|October 18, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults with dementia experience more falls and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) than those with Alzheimer's disease. This highlights the need for specialized fall prevention for dementia patients.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseasedementiaepidemiologyfallsolder adultspreventiontraumatic brain injury (TBI)

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease and dementia are significant health concerns in older adults.
  • These conditions contribute to a high incidence of falls in the elderly population.
  • Falls in older adults can lead to traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and prevalence of falls in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
  • To explore the association between Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and the occurrence of TBIs.
  • To compare fall and TBI risks between Alzheimer's disease and dementia patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 17,000 older adults (≥65 years) with fall-related injuries.
  • Data sourced from the TriNetX network at VCUHS (2019-2023).
  • Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression for falls, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and TBIs.

Main Results:

  • Older adults with dementia (12.46% incidence, 17.06% prevalence) and Alzheimer's disease (3.11% incidence, 4.81% prevalence) had higher fall rates.
  • Alzheimer's disease patients had a reduced risk of TBIs (OR=0.765, p=0.047).
  • Unspecified dementia patients had an increased risk of TBIs (OR=1.161, p=0.047).

Conclusions:

  • Older adults with dementia face a higher risk of falls and TBIs compared to those with Alzheimer's disease.
  • Findings emphasize the need for tailored fall prevention strategies for dementia patients.
  • Enhanced caregiver education and support are crucial for managing risks associated with dementia and falls.