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Charge Transfer Plasmonics in Bespoke Graphene/α-RuCl3 Cavities.

Rocco A Vitalone1, Bjarke S Jessen1, Ran Jing2

  • 1Department of Physics, Columbia University, 1150 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States.

ACS Nano
|October 18, 2024
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Summary

We imaged terahertz surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in graphene/α-RuCl3 heterostructures using a cryogenic scanning near-field optical microscope. Bespoke graphene cavities allowed observation and quantification of SPPs in heavily doped graphene.

Keywords:
RuCl3THzcavitiesgrapheneplasmonicspropagating surface plasmon-polaritons

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are crucial for understanding nano-optical and electrodynamic properties.
  • Graphene/α-RuCl3 heterostructures offer a unique system for SPP studies due to charge transfer-induced doping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To image and quantify terahertz (THz) SPPs in graphene/α-RuCl3 heterostructures.
  • To investigate the role of graphene cavity structures in SPP observation.
  • To determine plasmonic properties and scattering rates in these 2D heterostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of graphene/α-RuCl3 heterostructures with variable graphene cavity sizes.
  • Utilizing a home-built cryogenic scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM).
  • Employing phase-resolved imaging to observe THz SPPs.

Main Results:

  • Clear observation of long-wavelength, heavily damped THz SPPs within graphene cavities.
  • Extraction of plasmonic wavelength and electronic scattering rates.
  • Experimental results align with theoretical predictions for graphene/α-RuCl3 heterostructures.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene cavity structures enable the observation and quantification of SPPs in heavily doped graphene.
  • These findings are largely inaccessible with other experimental techniques.
  • The lack of metallicity in α-RuCl3 provides insights into interfacial charge transfer mechanisms.