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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

An Efficient Clearing Protocol for the Study of Seed Development in Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L.

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Published on: September 7, 2022

SlMKK4 is responsible for pollen development in tomato.

Lifei Chen¹, Leiqing Chen¹, Hong Zhang¹

¹Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation & Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB

|October 18, 2024

Summary

SlMKK4 is vital for tomato pollen viability, regulating auxin and sugar pathways. Disrupting SlMKK4 impairs pollen development, highlighting its role in male fertility and microgametogenesis.

Keywords:

Auxin and sugar metabolism Microgametogenesis Pollen development SlMKK4 Solanum lycopersicum

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Area of Science:

Plant reproductive biology
Molecular genetics
Signal transduction pathways

Background:

Viable pollen is essential for angiosperm reproduction and male fertility.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades influence plant growth, but their role in post-meiotic pollen development is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of SlMKK4 in regulating post-meiotic pollen development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).
To identify the downstream targets and functions of SlMKK4 in microgametogenesis.

Main Methods:

CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) gene editing to create SlMKK4 knockout mutants.
Cell biology, transcriptomic analysis, protein-protein interaction assays, and in vitro phosphorylation assays.

Main Results:

SlMKK4 disruption significantly reduced pollen viability and caused developmental arrest at the binucleate stage.
SlMKK4 regulates auxin and sugar metabolism and signal transduction during post-meiotic pollen development.
SlMKK4 acts as an upstream MAPKK for SlMPK20, crucial for the uninucleate to binucleate transition.

Conclusions:

SlMKK4 is a key regulator of post-meiotic pollen development in tomatoes.
SlMKK4 plays a pivotal role in modulating auxin and sugar pathways essential for microgametogenesis.
SlMKK4 functions upstream of SlMPK20, influencing critical developmental transitions in pollen.